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Monday, May 23, 2011

Rampant commercialisation endangers human, flora and fauna

IIPM Prof. Arindam Chaudhuri on Internet Hooliganism

Eco-tourism as a travel option has picked up a fair amount of steam over the last decade. It accounts for between two and four per cent of worldwide tourism and is fast developing into a niche market. Travel companies are trying to tap a growing number of pro-environment travellers who are willing to spend a sizeable portion of their travel budget on protection of the environment. Even big hotel chains like JW Marriott are keeping up with the trend to make necessary changes in their marketing tactics to lure customers by projecting a more eco-friendly image. They advertise their commitment to use recycled toilet paper, water-saving showers and other changes. But strangely, something that was supposed to spread awareness about environmental protection is now over-exploited, ignoring the concerns of indigenous communities.

This holds true not just in the case of developing countries. The hypocrisy of eco-tourism is rampant even in the United States. A private company's venture into eco-tourism includes the Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming and Hawaii. They are renowned for turning small local operating units into world famous behemoths as they have done with amusement parks and real estate. But their maiden entry into eco-tourism can endanger rare species. For example, wildlife habitat can be disturbed by building of roads, hotels and other infrastructure.

The corporate entry into controlling national parks has its drawbacks as well. A case in point are the aboriginals of Serengeti National Park in Tanzania, where the Maasai ethnic group now demands a share of the huge profits that the eco-tourism corporations are making out of their ancestral land. The indigenous people of South Africa and Zimbabwe were asking for the return of national park lands to them. When their demands were turned down, they made an even more audacious demand for a stake in the tourism company that runs the parks.

The Communal Area Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE), an association of communities in Zimbabwe, showcased an ideal model to the world in the 1990s to run eco-tourism that can also be replicated elsewhere. Till date, the concept is mostly misused and tour conductors are the ones minting money. That's what prompted Richard Leakey, former head of Kenya Wildlife Service, to comment: “The word eco-friendly is being exploited in a way that is totally unjustified.”

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Rashmi Bansal Publisher of JAMMAG magazine caught red-handed, for details click on the following links.

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